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職業(yè)病危害因素識別
通過職業(yè)衛(wèi)生調(diào)查、工程分析、資料分析和檢測檢驗(yàn)等方法,對用人單位生產(chǎn)工藝過程、 生產(chǎn)環(huán)境、勞動(dòng)過程和特殊環(huán)境中可能存在的職業(yè)病危害因素的種類、來源、分布及其影響人員進(jìn)行全面、客觀及準(zhǔn)確的識別,職業(yè)病危害因素識別范圍應(yīng)包括:
a) 國家已發(fā)布職業(yè)接觸限值的;
b) 列入《職業(yè)病危害因素分類目錄》的;
c) 國家已發(fā)布職業(yè)衛(wèi)生檢測方法的;
d) 其他對勞動(dòng)者健康有影響的。
存在以下情況時(shí),應(yīng)通過檢測檢驗(yàn)識別工作場所中存在的職業(yè)病危害因素:
a) 對于成分不明的有機(jī)化學(xué)品,開展揮發(fā)性有機(jī)組分定性分析,以識別存在的化學(xué)物質(zhì);
b) 對于游離二氧化硅含量不明的粉塵,開展游離二氧化硅含量測定,以確定粉塵性質(zhì)。
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重點(diǎn)評價(jià)的職業(yè)病危害因素篩選
根據(jù)前期現(xiàn)場調(diào)查和收集的資料,篩選重點(diǎn)評價(jià)的職業(yè)病危害因素,依據(jù)如下:
a) 國家已制定職業(yè)接觸限值和職業(yè)衛(wèi)生檢測方法的;
b) 國家未制定職業(yè)接觸限值和(或)職業(yè)衛(wèi)生檢測方法的,應(yīng)結(jié)合勞動(dòng)者接觸時(shí)間、接觸機(jī)會(huì)、 接觸人數(shù)和化學(xué)物質(zhì)毒性、使用量及揮發(fā)性等綜合分析。
符合篩選依據(jù)中任一情形的,即為重點(diǎn)評價(jià)的職業(yè)病危害因素。
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